Troy Hurst holds a Doctorate in Physical Therapy from Carroll University. He is a physical therapist specializing in both athletic and vestibular rehabilitation with an emphasis on performance running.
Everyone loves a good, sculpted back. That captivating V-shape physique is most likely on the wish list of every fitness and non-fitness-loving person. When it comes to developing a powerful and well-defined back, the latissimus dorsi muscles, which are commonly known as the lats, become the central focus. These large muscles are primarily responsible for the coveted V-tapered physique and make up for both the width and thickness of the back.
While many people believe that only traditional weightlifting exercises are the best way to target the lats, calisthenics offers an equally effective approach that requires no equipment. In this guide, we’ll take a closer look into the intricacies of calisthenics for lats and provide detailed insights into the best exercises, techniques, and answers to common questions surrounding this area-focused workout.
Let’s take a quick look at the overall function, position, and importance of the lats (1):
| Location | Function | Role in Movement | Importance in Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| The lats are a large, flat muscle covering the lower and mid-back, extending towards the sides of the torso. | Adduction: The lats help move the arm down toward the body. Extension: They also help pull the arm backward. Internal Rotation: They also facilitate inward arm rotation. Assists in Respiration: The lats also help with deep breathing by expanding the rib cage. | These muscles are crucial for pulling movements, such as pull-ups, rowing, and swimming. They contribute to the "V-taper" appearance, broadening the upper back and tapering the waist. | The lats help stabilize the shoulder joint and the spine during upper-body movements. |
One of the major reasons why calisthenics is great, not just for a strong and aesthetically pleasing back, is the benefits it provides.
Beyond lat development, this format of exercise requires no equipment, which makes it accessible to everyone, regardless of their environment or resources.
Building strong lats isn’t just about the way they look, although a well-developed V-taper is a common goal for many.
The most effective calisthenics exercises for lats are those that involve significant pulling motions, as they mimic the natural function of the latissimus dorsi. Pull-ups, chin-ups, rows, and their variations are the foundational movements in calisthenics for targeting the lats. There are also many other exercises that can complement these staples.
Pull-ups are widely regarded as the quintessential exercise for lat development. This exercise recruits a significant number of latissimus dorsi muscle fibers, particularly when performed through a full range of motion (9).
Chin-ups performed with an underhand grip are another powerful exercise that targets the lats. While they also engage the biceps, the change in grip places more emphasis on the lower lats, which helps build a fuller, more complete back (10).
If you wish to free yourself from all the extra pounds that have been weighing you down for way too long, start using the BetterMe: Health Coaching app and overhaul your entire life!
Archer pull-ups are an advanced variation where the body is pulled toward one arm at a time while the other arm remains extended. This unilateral movement places a greater load on each lat individually, which is excellent for addressing muscle imbalances and making sure there’s even development (11, 12).
This exercise is an excellent starting point for beginners who may find full pull-ups too challenging. By performing rows with your body at an angle, you reduce the load while still targeting the lats effectively. This exercise also allows for easy progression by adjusting the angle of your body, which makes it a versatile option for all fitness levels (13).
The front lever is an advanced isometric hold that intensely activates the lats and core (14). Working through the progressions of this movement—starting from tuck levers to straddle and eventually to a full front lever—can significantly increase lat strength and contribute to overall back development.
There are definitely some challenges that people face while trying to grow and work on the lats, particularly when done without the use of weights. The lats are large, dense muscles that require substantial stimulation to grow, which can be difficult to achieve through body weight exercises alone. In addition, many individuals struggle to establish a strong mind-muscle connection with the lats, often allowing other muscles such as the biceps or traps to dominate the movement during pulling exercises.
To overcome these challenges, it’s important to focus on the quality of each repetition, ensuring the lats are fully engaged throughout the movement (15). Here, your form becomes the main driving force behind your success. Progressive overload is also crucial in a calisthenics routine. As your lats become stronger, you need to increase the difficulty of your exercises to continue seeing gains (16). This can be done by moving to more advanced variations of exercises or by adding resistance through techniques such as weighted vests or bands.
For those who are starting out, a calisthenics for lats beginners routine that emphasizes mastering basic movements such as pull-ups and body weight rows is essential for establishing the necessary strength and technique for more advanced exercises.
Read more: Calisthenics Pull Workout: 8 Exercises and Everything Else You Need to Know
You can absolutely grow your lats using calisthenics, but it requires a strategic approach. The key to hypertrophy in calisthenics is consistently challenging your muscles through progressive overload and ensuring that your workouts are intense enough to stimulate growth. Although you may not have the same control over resistance as you would with free weights, body weight exercises can be manipulated to increase the difficulty and continue promoting muscle growth.
For example, once basic pull-ups become too easy, you can progress to more challenging variations such as archer pull-ups or even front levers, which place a much higher demand on your lats. In addition, you can incorporate advanced techniques such as isometric holds or slow negatives to further increase the intensity of your workouts.
It’s also important to pair your calisthenics routine with proper nutrition. Sufficient protein intake is important for muscle repair and growth, and ensuring you consume enough calories will provide the energy needed to perform these demanding exercises. When combined with a well-structured training program, calisthenics can lead to significant lat development.
Building lats without weights may seem like a daunting and uphill task, but it’s entirely possible with the right approach. Calisthenics relies on leveraging your body weight and gravity to create resistance, which can be just as effective for muscle growth as traditional weightlifting when performed correctly.
Exercises that involve pulling your body upwards or toward an object, such as pull-ups and inverted rows, are fundamental for lat development. These exercises mimic the movement patterns of weighted lat exercises and can be scaled to match your current strength level.
Static holds, such as the front lever or hanging scapular retractions, are excellent for building lat strength and endurance (14). These exercises require your lats to maintain tension over an extended period, which can stimulate muscle growth even in the absence of dynamic movement.
Switching up your grip and incorporating different variations of exercises can help target different parts of the lats (17). For example, wide-grip pull-ups target the upper and outer lats, while close-grip chin-ups focus more on the lower lats.
Time under tension is another ultra-important factor to consider for muscle growth (18). Slowing down the eccentric (lowering) phase of your pull-ups or chin-ups can increase the time your lats are working, which can lead to greater hypertrophy.
Even without weights, you can apply the principle of progressive overload in calisthenics (16). This may involve increasing the number of repetitions, sets, or the difficulty of the exercises you perform. As you get stronger, transitioning to more advanced movements, such as archer pull-ups or one-arm pull-ups, will continue challenging your lats and stimulate growth.
These exercises allow you to perform lat exercises at home with no equipment, which makes it easy to develop a strong back without needing a gym membership or specialized gear.
Back calisthenics with no equipment required is a versatile and effective way to build your entire back, including the lats, traps, and rhomboids. These exercises, which include pull-ups, inverted rows, and front lever progressions, engage multiple muscle groups and help build a strong, functional back without the need for any weights or machines.
There are numerous calisthenics exercises that can effectively target and grow your lats. Here’s a more detailed look at some of the most effective movements:
Pull-ups and chin-ups form the cornerstone of any lat-focused calisthenics routine. Varying your grip width can help focus on different parts of the lats.
Typewriter pull-ups involve performing a pull-up and then moving side to side at the top of the movement (19). This variation increases the time under tension for your lats and helps engage them from different angles, which leads to more balanced muscle development.
Using a towel draped over a bar to perform pull-ups can increase the challenge for your lats. The instability introduced by the towel forces your lats to work harder to stabilize the movement, which leads to increased muscle activation and growth (20).
Whether you’re a workout beast or just a beginner making your first foray into the world of fitness and dieting – BetterMe has a lot to offer to both newbies and experts! Install the app and experience the versatility first-hand!
Scapular pull-ups involve hanging from the bar and retracting your shoulder blades without bending your arms. This exercise targets the lower portion of your lats and helps build the mind-muscle connection necessary for proper lat engagement during other pulling exercises (21).
In addition to targeting the lats, there are many calisthenics exercises that can also effectively engage the traps. Exercises such as scapular pull-ups and body weight shrugs are excellent for developing the traps, which contribute to the overall size and strength of the upper back.
Push-ups are primarily a chest, shoulder, and triceps exercise, and they don’t significantly target the lats. While some advanced variations of push-ups, such as pseudo-planche push-ups, can involve the lats to a small extent due to the stabilizing role they play, they aren’t sufficient for lat development (22). For effective lat growth, it’s important to focus on pulling exercises such as pull-ups, chin-ups, and rows, which directly engage the latissimus dorsi.
Targeting the lower lats can be tricky as many traditional back exercises tend to emphasize the upper and middle portions of the muscle. However, with the right approach, you can effectively target the lower lats using calisthenics.
Close-grip pull-ups, which are performed with your hands close together, shift the emphasis to the lower lats. Make sure you focus on pulling your body upward using your back muscles, and squeeze your lats at the top of the movement for maximum activation.
As previously mentioned, chin-ups with an underhand grip are effective for targeting the lower lats. The altered grip changes the angle of the pull, which directs more of the load onto the lower part of your lats.
Performing inverted rows with a lower angle (where your body is more parallel to the ground) can place a greater emphasis on the lower lats. Adjusting the height of the bar to increase the difficulty of the movement can further enhance this effect(23).
For those who don’t have access to a lat pulldown machine, these calisthenics exercises serve as effective alternatives, targeting the lats without the need for specialized equipment.
Read more: How to Build Core Strength from Nothing
Training the lats every day is generally not recommended, as the muscles require time to recover and grow. Overtraining the lats can lead to fatigue, decreased performance, and an increased risk of injury. Instead, it’s better to train your lats two to three times per week with adequate rest in between sessions.
On your rest days, you should focus on training other muscle groups or engage in active recovery exercises, such as stretching or light cardio. This approach allows your lats to recover while maintaining overall fitness and mobility. It’s also essential to listen to your body; if you experience prolonged soreness or fatigue, consider reducing the frequency or intensity of your lat workouts.
Lats can respond well to various rep ranges depending on your training goals. High reps (12-15 or more) are effective for endurance and hypertrophy, while lower reps (6-8) with added resistance or more challenging variations can be better for building strength (24). In calisthenics, integrating both high-rep bodyweight exercises and lower-rep advanced movements can maximize lat development. The lats are involved in pulling movements. They play a crucial role in exercises where the arms pull toward the body, such as pull-ups, chin-ups, and rows. These movements engage the latissimus dorsi by facilitating the downward and backward motion of the arms, which makes them essential for building back strength and size. Triggering the lats effectively requires focusing on form and establishing a strong mind-muscle connection (25). During pulling exercises, think about initiating the movement from your back rather than your arms. Engaging your shoulder blades (scapular retraction) before pulling can help activate the lats. Consequently, visualizing the movement as pulling from your elbows instead of your hands can direct more focus to the lats, making sure they are the primary muscles being worked. While the bench press is primarily a chest exercise, the lats play a stabilizing role, particularly during the eccentric (lowering) phase of the movement. However, their activation is minimal compared to pulling exercises such as pull-ups or rows. If your goal is to build your lats, focusing on dedicated pulling exercises will be far more effective than relying on benching. To get big lats, you must redirect your focus to consistent training with a mix of high-rep endurance work and low-rep strength training. Exercises such as pull-ups, front lever progressions, and scapular pull-ups should be staples in your routine. If you have access to dumbbells, incorporating rows, particularly one-arm dumbbell rows, can complement your calisthenics routine by adding external resistance. This hybrid approach can help you break through plateaus and enhance overall lat development. The best lat exercises combine various pulling movements, both vertical (such as pull-ups) and horizontal (such as inverted rows), to fully engage the muscle. Incorporating a mix of these exercises will make sure there’s a balanced development of the lats.Frequently Asked Questions
Do lats need high reps?
Are lats push or pull?
How do you trigger lats?
Does benching activate the lats?
How can I get big lats?
How can I work out lats with dumbbells?
What are the best lat exercises?
In conclusion, calisthenics offers a powerful and effective way to develop your lats without the need for weights. By incorporating a variety of pulling movements, focusing on proper form, and progressively challenging yourself with more difficult exercises, you can achieve impressive lat growth and a well-defined back. Remember to balance your training with adequate rest and recovery, and always strive to engage your lats effectively during each exercise.
This article is intended for general informational purposes only and does not serve to address individual circumstances. It is not a substitute for professional advice or help and should not be relied on for making any kind of decision-making. Any action taken as a direct or indirect result of the information in this article is entirely at your own risk and is your sole responsibility.
BetterMe, its content staff, and its medical advisors accept no responsibility for inaccuracies, errors, misstatements, inconsistencies, or omissions and specifically disclaim any liability, loss or risk, personal, professional or otherwise, which may be incurred as a consequence, directly or indirectly, of the use and/or application of any content.
You should always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or your specific situation. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of BetterMe content. If you suspect or think you may have a medical emergency, call your doctor.