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Emotions like anxiety and stress are part of life, and all people experience these two emotions at various times in life. Our mental health has a way of affecting our physical health. Therefore, it is important to know how these two emotions affect our bodies. What is stress? What is anxiety? Can stress and anxiety cause weight loss? All these questions will be tackled in this article.
Stress is how your body and brain respond to demand (1). There are so many things that can make one stressed, such as their job, spouse, children, health, school, finances, and so much more. Prolonged periods of stress can affect our health, relationship with others, and how we handle life.
Here are a few things to remember while stressed:
Stress can be experienced by everyone, long as we live, we will definitely encounter it at a certain point. When it comes to stress, it is not a matter of if you will experience it, but a matter of what will cause it, how long you will experience it, and what effects it will have on you. There are different types of stress, and all have a way of affecting one’s health, either physically or mentally. Examples of common types of stress include routine stress, stress from negative factors, and traumatic stress.
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There are times when being stressed is more of a blessing than a hurdle. A good example of such a time is when you are in danger. When in danger, the stress keeps your body alert and prepares it to handle the dangerous situation. Stress can make you identify escape routes in those situations, how to get out of the situation unharmed, and so on. It helps your body trigger your survival instinct in response to the danger that is upon you.
This comes as no surprise as too much of almost everything becomes harmful to your body, and it goes the same for stress. Long-term stress can affect your digestive system, immune system, sleep, and even your reproductive system. With time, it can cause one to develop certain cardiovascular diseases like diabetes, high blood pressure, and various mental disorders like anxiety and depression.
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This is the light at the end of the tunnel when it comes to stress; it can be managed. There are many ways one can use to cope with stress.
Here are a few of them:
In case you are having bad thoughts like self-harm or suicide, or if you feel too overwhelmed by it, seek help from a qualified person as soon as possible.
If you remember those few pointers, then you will easily be able to handle routine stress. When it comes to weight, stress can either make one gain weight or lose weight. All this depends on the individual.
Anxiety is how the mind and the body react to situations that are either dangerous, unfamiliar, or stressful (9). It is the feeling of uneasiness, distress, or dread that one usually feels before an important event. It is known to cause so many anxiety-related disorders.
Here are three main types of anxiety-related disorders that can be caused by anxiety:
These disorders are mainly characterized by excessive fear and anxiety (9). They can have both negative behavioral and emotional consequences on an individual. One should look for ways to manage these disorders as early as possible.
These disorders are characterized by obsessive and intrusive thoughts that result in compulsive behaviors (9). These compulsive behaviors are usually performed to alleviate the anxiety associated with obsessive and intrusive thoughts. An example of obsessive intrusive thought is always worrying about being clean. A compulsive behavior that can be associated with it is constantly washing your hands and cleaning surfaces around you.
These are disorders that are related to traumatic experience (9). This can be the death of a loved one, a car accident, assault, and so on.
The most common signs of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders include (3):
Different studies show that people with anxiety have issues managing their weight. A person with anxiety will either gain weight or lose weight. Unexplained weight loss is something that should be taken very seriously, and one should make an effort to visit a doctor as soon as they start experiencing this. Many things can cause unexplained weight loss like HIV, some cancers, thyroid disorders, and anxiety.
Anxiety and stress go hand in hand. It is very hard to experience one without experiencing the other. When it comes to weight, both these emotions can cause weight gain and weight loss. Let us look at how they can cause one to lose weight.
One way anxiety and stress are known to cause weight loss is by causing one to be less interested in food (7). Weight loss requires you to take in fewer calories than your body needs. If you do so, you create a calorie deficit, which then causes weight loss. When you are stressed, you start to lose your appetite because of all the things going through your mind. You start to feel less hungry, and when you eat, you won’t eat as much as you used to. It is not easy for one to realize how much they are starving themselves, and this can unconsciously cause a massive loss of weight.
Apart from being disinterested in food, anxiety and stress can easily make you forget to eat. Let’s say what is stressing you is work, and you are anxious if you get your job done in time, or it may result in you losing your job. This will lead you to miss so many meals while trying to finish work in time and thus would result in weight loss. One can easily adopt unhealthy eating habits, so you should try to eat normally even when stressed.
Read More: What Is Reverse Dieting: Eating More To Weigh Less
When people are anxious or stressed, they are always moving. They are restless, pacing around, fidgeting, or making other movements (6). One way a person can lose weight is by doing exercises. Cardio is an example of exercise one can do to lose weight, and walking is part of cardio. These people, hence, end up burning calories with their constant movement and would result in weight loss.
One way of dealing with stress and anxiety is by either doing an activity that one loves or exercising. If the activity you love is exercising or workout to manage these emotions, then you are likely to lose weight. People with anxiety sometimes exercise because working out produces the feel-good hormone that makes one happier, hence better moods.
Working out can help one lose weight when incorporated as part of an intentional healthy weight loss plan. However, unintentional weight loss due to anxiety because of excessive exercise or any of the other reasons listed here can be dangerous.
Before you get into an exercise program, it is always important to consult an expert.
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Lack of sleep or insomnia is one of the symptoms associated with stress and anxiety. People experiencing these emotions are usually restless and have a hard time sleeping, if they sleep, it isn’t long enough (6). When you have insomnia, your body does not produce the right amounts of cortisol. It is a hormone related to stress. Production of this hormone affects your metabolism. You have a faster metabolism, and since you are not eating, it results in weight loss.
The fact that you are awake means your body needs more energy than it would require if you were asleep. This makes your body dig into your energy reserves to provide itself with the energy it needs, this may lead to weight loss. Even if you are stressed, your body needs to rest and you should try to sleep. If you are still finding it hard to sleep, you should consult an expert. They might prescribe sleeping pills or offer other ways of getting sleep. It may be harmful to try unprescribed sleeping pills, so you should not try to do that.
When you have anxiety or stress, your body goes into a mode of fight or flight. This mode is also referred to as acute stress response, and it is your body’s way of responding to the thing causing you stress or anxiety. When it is in this state, your body produces adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones help you react and stay alert during stressful, dangerous, or unknown situations. The problem with these hormones is that they come with side effects.
Adrenaline prepares your body for a vigorous physical activity like running away or fighting. This hormone also reduces your appetite (4). When you don’t have an appetite, you will consume fewer calories than your body needs and will help promote weight loss. Adrenaline also causes a faster heartbeat and breathing, and this helps burn more calories.
On the other hand, cortisol is responsible for minimizing some body functions that may seem unnecessary during a stressful occurrence. Some of the body functions that are usually suppressed are digestive, reproductive, and immune function, among others. When digestion is stopped or minimized, it means your body is not absorbing nutrients and might be discarded as waste. This could lead to weight loss since you are not able to digest and absorb food, hence creating a calorie deficit.
Another thing that causes one to lose weight is distress in the gastrointestinal system. Stress affects most of the parts of the GI system. It causes symptoms like (5, 11):
All the symptoms shown above will affect a person’s eating habits and may result in them eating less. This would then result in weight loss since it creates a calorie deficit.
When one is experiencing serious anxiety, they are usually given pills to help them deal with it. Some of those pills have side effects that can cause weight loss.
Here are some of the drugs and how they cause weight loss:
These are some examples of anxiety drugs that can cause weight loss due to their side effects.
As previously mentioned, anxiety and stress can also cause weight gain.
Here are some ways these two emotions can cause weight gain:
This article is intended for general informational purposes only and does not address individual circumstances. It is not a substitute for professional advice or help and should not be relied on to make decisions of any kind. Any action you take upon the information presented in this article is strictly at your own risk and responsibility!